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The accurately weighed 2.0 g of samples were extracted with 40 mL MeOH with sonication at room temperature for 2 h, and then the crude extracts were filtered.

LC separations were carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (100 ×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm, Waters, USA). Column temperature and flow rate were set to 40 ℃ and 0.3 mL/min, respectively. The mobile phases were 0.1% formic acid in H2O (A) and acetonitrile (B). The gradient methods were as follows: 10–30% (0–7 min), 30–80% B (7–8 min), 80–100% B (8–12 min) followed by 3 min washing with 100% B and 3 min reconditioning at 10% B.

LC-MS/MS data used in this study were acquired using a Waters Acquity UPLC system (Waters Co., Milford, MA, USA) coupled to a Waters VION IMS Q/TOF mass spectrometer (Waters MS Technologies, Manchester, UK) equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface. MS/MS analyses were performed in MSE data-independent acquisition mode for negative ions. The gradient collision energy was applied at a 20 to 40 eV. , LC-MS/MS data used in this study were acquired using a Waters Acquity UPLC system (Waters Co., Milford, MA, USA) coupled to a Waters VION IMS Q/TOF mass spectrometer (Waters MS Technologies, Manchester, UK) equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface. MS/MS analyses were performed in MSE data-independent acquisition mode for positive ions. The gradient collision energy was applied at a 10 to 30 eV.